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Vitamin K Test

Vitamin K Test

February 2, 2026
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Do I need a Vitamin K test?

Struggling with unexplained bruising, heavy periods, or slow wound healing? Could low vitamin K be affecting your blood clotting and bone health?

Vitamin K plays a crucial role in blood clotting and bone strength. When levels are off, you may experience excessive bleeding, easy bruising, or weakened bones over time.

Testing your vitamin K gives you a vital snapshot of your clotting function and bone health status. It's the essential first step to address those bruising concerns and personalize your nutrition plan, so you can protect your bones and feel confident in your body's healing ability.

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Get tested with Superpower

If you’ve been postponing blood testing for years or feel frustrated by doctor appointments and limited lab panels, you are not alone. Standard healthcare is often reactive, focusing on testing only after symptoms appear or leaving patients in the dark.

Superpower flips that approach. We give you full insight into your body with over 100 biomarkers, personalized action plans, long-term tracking, and answers to your questions, so you can stay ahead of any health issues.

With physician-reviewed results, CLIA-certified labs, and the option for at-home blood draws, Superpower is designed for people who want clarity, convenience, and real accountability - all in one place.

Key benefits of Vitamin K testing

  • Reveals whether your body has enough vitamin K for healthy blood clotting.
  • Flags deficiency that may explain unusual bruising or prolonged bleeding episodes.
  • Guides supplementation decisions if you take blood thinners like warfarin.
  • Spots malabsorption issues linked to gut, liver, or gallbladder conditions.
  • Protects bone health by confirming adequate vitamin K for calcium regulation.
  • Tracks vitamin K status during pregnancy to support fetal development.
  • Clarifies whether dietary intake or absorption problems are causing low levels.
  • Best interpreted with clotting tests (PT/INR) and your bleeding or bruising history.

What is Vitamin K?

Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin that exists in two main natural forms: K1 (phylloquinone), found in green leafy vegetables, and K2 (menaquinone), produced by gut bacteria and present in fermented foods and animal products. Unlike most vitamins that come solely from diet, your body has a partial internal source for K2.

The master switch for calcium placement

Vitamin K acts as an essential cofactor that activates specific proteins responsible for directing calcium to where it belongs - your bones and teeth - and away from where it doesn't, like your arteries and soft tissues. Without adequate vitamin K, these proteins remain inactive and cannot perform their protective roles.

Beyond clotting: builder and protector

While vitamin K is best known for enabling blood clotting factors in the liver, its broader role involves bone mineralization and vascular health. Measuring vitamin K status helps assess whether your body has enough of this nutrient to support proper calcium metabolism, maintain skeletal strength, and protect cardiovascular tissues from harmful calcification.

Why is Vitamin K important?

Vitamin K governs blood clotting and bone mineralization, acting as a cofactor for enzymes that activate clotting factors in the liver and proteins that bind calcium in bone and vascular tissue. Without adequate vitamin K, your body cannot stop bleeding efficiently or direct calcium to bones instead of soft tissues. Most labs measure vitamin K directly or assess function through prothrombin time (PT/INR), with optimal levels supporting both hemostasis and skeletal integrity.

Your body's clotting system depends on it

When vitamin K is insufficient, clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X remain inactive, leading to prolonged bleeding from minor cuts, easy bruising, heavy menstrual periods in women, and in severe cases, internal hemorrhage. Newborns are particularly vulnerable because they have low stores at birth, which is why vitamin K prophylaxis is standard. Bone health also suffers over time, as undercarboxylated osteocalcin cannot properly mineralize bone matrix, raising fracture risk in older adults.

Excess rarely occurs from food alone

Elevated vitamin K from diet is uncommon and generally harmless, though high-dose supplementation can interfere with warfarin and other anticoagulants, reducing their effectiveness and increasing clot risk.

The long view on vascular and skeletal health

Beyond clotting, vitamin K influences vascular calcification and bone density across the lifespan. Chronic insufficiency may contribute to osteoporosis and arterial stiffness, linking this nutrient to cardiovascular and musculoskeletal outcomes decades later.

What do my Vitamin K results mean?

Low vitamin K levels

Low values usually reflect inadequate dietary intake, poor fat absorption, or disruption of gut bacteria that produce vitamin K2. This can impair blood clotting, leading to easy bruising or prolonged bleeding, and may weaken bone mineralization over time. Low vitamin K also reduces activation of proteins that prevent calcium from depositing in soft tissues like arteries. Newborns are particularly vulnerable due to limited placental transfer and low breast milk content. Adults with chronic digestive conditions affecting fat absorption or those on long-term antibiotics are at higher risk.

Optimal vitamin K levels

Being in range suggests adequate stores to support normal blood coagulation and proper function of vitamin K-dependent proteins in bone and vascular tissue. Optimal levels typically sit in the mid to upper portion of the reference range, reflecting sufficient intake from green leafy vegetables, fermented foods, and bacterial synthesis in the colon.

High vitamin K levels

High values usually reflect recent high dietary intake or supplementation. Naturally occurring vitamin K from food rarely causes toxicity, though very high levels from supplements may interfere with anticoagulant medications like warfarin by counteracting their effect.

Factors that influence vitamin K results

Interpretation depends on dietary patterns, gut health, liver function, and medication use. Anticoagulants, antibiotics, and bile acid sequestrants can lower levels. Assay methods vary, and results may reflect recent intake rather than long-term status.

Method: Laboratory-developed test (LDT) validated under CLIA; not cleared or approved by the FDA. Results are interpreted by clinicians in context and are not a stand-alone diagnosis.

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Similar biomarker tests from Superpower

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Frequently Asked Questions

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How it works
What should I expect during a blood draw?
  • A trained phlebotomist will guide you through the process.
  • A tourniquet is placed on your arm, the site is cleaned, and a small needle is used to collect blood into one or more tubes.
  • Results are usually ready in about a week.
  • Most people feel only a quick pinch.
  • The needle is removed, gentle pressure is applied, and a bandage is placed.
How do I prepare for a blood draw?
  • Drink plenty of water beforehand — hydration makes veins easier to find.
  • Wear loose sleeves so your arm is easy to access.
  • Follow any fasting instructions you’ve been given.
  • Let us know if you’re on medications, have fainted before, or have needle anxiety.
What should I do after my blood draw?
  • Press gently on the site for a few minutes.
  • Keep the bandage on for 4-6 hours.
  • Skip heavy lifting or strenuous exercise for the rest of the day.
  • Drink extra water to rehydrate.
  • Monitor the site for redness, swelling, or pain.
How do I book a blood draw with Superpower?

Your membership includes:

  • An annual full body test and report across 100+ biomarkers
  • A personalized action plan to optimize your biomarkers and reach your health goals
  • A dashboard to centralize your health data and track changes across a lifetime
  • Access to a health concierge for questions on your plan and help scheduling
  • Plus a marketplace of curated health products and services cheaper than amazon

Many concierge clinics charge $10k – $100k for their services, we’ve built technology to make the world’s best healthcare as accessible as possible via an all-in-one membership.

Where can I take my blood test?

Superpower is currently available in the following US states:

  • Alabama
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  • California
  • Colorado
  • Connecticut
  • Delaware
  • District of Columbia
  • Florida
  • Georgia
  • Idaho
  • Illinois
  • Indiana
  • Kansas
  • Maine
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  • Michigan
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  • Montana
  • Nebraska
  • Nevada
  • New Hampshire
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  • New Mexico
  • New York
  • North Carolina
  • Ohio
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  • Pennsylvania
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  • Virginia
  • Washington
  • West Virginia
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Our testing
Does Superpower replace my primary care provider?

Superpower specializes in prevention-based testing and treatments and is not intended for emergency or immediate health issues.

While you will have a Superpower care team, your annual membership is designed to complement a primary care doctor if you have one, not replace them.

We are happy to help you share any test results with an outside provider to ensure you receive well-rounded medical care.

How fast are blood test results and how do I read them?

Your annual lab test panel takes about a week to process. We will text you as soon as they become available in your dashboard. Other types of tests may have different testing windows. The Superpower concierge is your own health assistant who helps answer your questions on your results, ensure smooth scheduling, coordination of any office-based tests, specialist referrals as needed, and navigating you to interface with your care team.

Does Superpower accept health insurance?

Superpower membership and products are all eligible for HSA/FSA funding.

We see Superpower like a gym membership for those committed to prevention and performance. Superpower is a bridge between wellness and healthcare. Health insurance traditionally focuses on reactive care whereas, at Superpower, we believe it’s never too early to start looking out for your long-term health.

What if I want more than 1 blood test per year?

Absolutely — you're not limited to just one. Your membership includes one comprehensive 100+ biomarker blood test each year, but if you'd like to track your progress more closely, you can add extra tests at any time. Each additional full-panel test costs $179. You can order as many as you'd like throughout the year.

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Frequently Asked Questions about Vitamin K Test

What is vitamin K and what does it do for blood clotting and bone health?

Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin needed to activate proteins involved in blood clotting and calcium regulation. It helps “turn on” clotting factors (including II, VII, IX, and X) so your body can form clots and stop bleeding. It also activates osteocalcin in bone and matrix Gla-protein in blood vessels, supporting bone mineralization and helping prevent calcium buildup in arteries.

What’s the difference between vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) and vitamin K2 (menaquinone)?

Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) is found mainly in green leafy vegetables and is a major dietary form. Vitamin K2 (menaquinone) is produced by gut bacteria and is also found in fermented foods and some animal products. Both forms support vitamin K–dependent protein activation, including clotting proteins and calcium-regulating proteins important for bone and vascular health.

How does vitamin K testing reveal whether I have enough vitamin K for healthy clotting?

Vitamin K testing can indicate whether your body has adequate vitamin K status to support normal blood coagulation. Low results may help explain easy bruising, nosebleeds, or prolonged bleeding. Results are typically best interpreted alongside clotting tests such as PT/INR and your personal history of bleeding or bruising, since vitamin K directly affects activation of key clotting factors.

What are the most common signs and symptoms of low vitamin K levels in adults?

Low vitamin K can lead to impaired clotting factor activation, which may show up as easy bruising, prolonged bleeding from minor cuts, nosebleeds, or blood in urine or stool. Symptoms can be subtle until deficiency becomes significant. Because vitamin K also affects calcium regulation, chronically low levels may contribute over time to reduced bone density and increased vascular calcification, impacting bone and cardiovascular health.

Why can gut, liver, gallbladder, or pancreas problems cause vitamin K deficiency?

Vitamin K is fat-soluble and requires dietary fat and normal digestion/absorption to be absorbed. Conditions that impair fat absorption - such as celiac disease, Crohn’s disease/inflammatory bowel disease, chronic pancreatitis, or bile acid deficiency - can reduce vitamin K uptake. Liver and gallbladder issues may also affect bile flow and fat digestion. Testing can help distinguish low dietary intake from malabsorption-related deficiency.

How do antibiotics affect vitamin K2 production and vitamin K status?

Prolonged antibiotic use can disrupt gut bacteria that contribute to vitamin K2 (menaquinone) production. With fewer vitamin K–producing bacteria, overall vitamin K status may drop, especially if dietary intake is also low or fat absorption is impaired. This can weaken activation of vitamin K–dependent clotting proteins and may prolong bleeding time. Vitamin K testing can help identify whether antibiotics may be contributing to low levels.

How does vitamin K interact with warfarin, and why is consistent intake important?

Vitamin K can counteract warfarin and other anticoagulants by supporting clotting factor activation, potentially reducing medication effectiveness and increasing clot risk. High vitamin K intake isn’t usually toxic, but it can interfere with anticoagulation control. For people taking warfarin, consistent dietary vitamin K intake is often more important than avoiding vitamin K completely. Vitamin K testing may help guide supplementation decisions under medical supervision.

What does it mean if my vitamin K test is low, optimal, or high?

Low vitamin K usually points to low intake, poor fat absorption, or reduced gut bacterial production (often after antibiotics). Optimal levels suggest adequate intake and absorption supporting normal coagulation and healthy activation of bone- and vessel-related proteins. High vitamin K typically reflects recent supplementation or a vitamin K–rich diet and is generally well tolerated, but it may interfere with warfarin by diminishing its anticoagulant effect.

Why should vitamin K results be interpreted with PT/INR and bleeding or bruising history?

Vitamin K affects the activation of clotting factors, but a vitamin K value alone may not fully reflect functional clotting. PT/INR provides a readout of clotting performance and is especially relevant for people with bleeding symptoms or those taking warfarin. Pairing vitamin K testing with PT/INR and clinical history helps clarify whether bruising or prolonged bleeding is related to deficiency, absorption issues, or medication effects.

Is it possible to have too much vitamin K, and is vitamin K toxicity common?

True vitamin K toxicity from food or supplements is uncommon because the body regulates vitamin K tightly. High test values are usually due to supplementation or high intake of vitamin K–rich foods and are generally not associated with harmful toxicity. The main concern is medication interaction: elevated or inconsistent vitamin K intake can reduce the effectiveness of warfarin and other anticoagulants, affecting clot risk and PT/INR control.

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